What is the spectral sensitivity peak of S cone?

The S cone, also known as the short-wavelength sensitive cone, is specialized for detecting light in the blue region of the spectrum. Its spectral sensitivity peak occurs at approximately 440 nm, which corresponds to the absorption of light predominantly in the blue-violet wavelengths. This peak is critical for color perception, particularly in distinguishing colors in the blue and green spectrum, as S cones respond significantly to wavelengths shorter than those that the M and L cones (medium and long-wavelength sensitive cones) respond to. Understanding the spectral sensitivity of S cones is essential for comprehending how the human visual system processes color and light, which is foundational for further studies in visual perception.