Protanopes are missing which photopigment?

Protanopes are a type of color vision deficiency characterized by an inability to perceive red light, specifically due to the absence of erythrolabe, which is the photopigment responsible for detecting long wavelengths of light (red). Erythrolabe is found in the retina's cone cells, particularly in the photoreceptors that are sensitive to red light.

In protanopia, the lack of erythrolabe leads to difficulties in differentiating colors that involve red tones, ultimately affecting the perception of the color spectrum. This condition is a part of the broader category of red-green color deficiencies, which also includes deuteranopia (absence of chlorolabe, related to green perception) and tritanopia (absence of cyanolabe, related to blue perception).

Understanding the specific role of erythrolabe in color vision emphasizes its importance in perceiving different shades and colors in our environment. Individuals with protanopia may confuse colors like red and green, which can have significant impacts on daily life including the interpretation of traffic lights, various tasks, and activities that rely heavily on color differentiation.