What is the most common type of achromatopsia?

Rod monochromacy is considered the most common type of achromatopsia. This condition arises from the absence or dysfunction of cone photoreceptors in the retina, leading to a reliance on rod cells for vision. Individuals with rod monochromacy experience significant difficulties with color discrimination and typically see the world in shades of gray, as rod cells are not sensitive to color but are better suited for low-light conditions.

Rod monochromacy is often associated with other visual impairments, such as photophobia (sensitivity to bright light) and reduced visual acuity. This condition highlights the critical role that cones play in color vision and visual detail, as their absence results in a lack of functional color perception.

The other forms of achromatopsia, such as cone monochromacy and total or partial achromatopsia, are less common. Cone monochromacy involves the presence of only one type of functioning cone, while complete achromatopsia refers to the total absence of all cone function. Partial achromatopsia indicates some cone function but still results in reduced color vision. These variations are less prevalent when compared to rod monochromacy, which is primarily characterized by its impact on visual perception due to the reliance on rod